Install Python Packages with pipx

pipx is a tool for installing Python applications in isolated environments. It helps avoid conflicts between dependencies. This guide will show you how to use it.

What is pipx?

pipx installs Python packages in separate environments. This keeps your system clean. It's perfect for CLI tools and applications.

Unlike pip, pipx creates isolated environments for each package. This prevents dependency conflicts.

Install pipx

First, ensure you have Python installed. For help, see Install Python on Ubuntu in 5 Steps.

Install pipx with pip:

python -m pip install --user pipx
python -m pipx ensurepath

This installs pipx and adds it to your PATH.

Basic pipx Commands

Here are the essential pipx commands you'll use:

Install a Package

Use pipx install to add a package:

pipx install package-name

For example, install the popular black formatter:

pipx install black

Run a Package Once

Use pipx run to run a package without installing it:

pipx run package-name

This is great for one-time use tools.

List Installed Packages

See all packages installed with pipx:

pipx list

Uninstall a Package

Remove a package with:

pipx uninstall package-name

Advanced pipx Usage

pipx has more powerful features for advanced users.

Install from GitHub

You can install packages directly from GitHub. Learn more in Install Python Packages from GitHub.

pipx install git+https://github.com/user/repo.git

Specify Python Version

Use a specific Python version with:

pipx install --python python3.9 package-name

Inspect Environments

See where packages are installed:

pipx list --verbose

Example: Installing Poetry with pipx

Let's install the Poetry package manager as an example.

pipx install poetry

Verify it works:

poetry --version

Output:

Poetry version 1.1.7

When to Use pipx vs pip

Use pipx for:

• Applications you run from command line
• Tools with many dependencies
• Packages that might conflict

Use pip for:

• Libraries in your projects
• Development dependencies

Troubleshooting pipx

If you have issues, try these solutions.

Command Not Found

If pipx commands aren't found, ensure your PATH is set correctly. See Install Python on macOS with Homebrew for PATH setup help.

Permission Errors

Use the --user flag if you get permission errors:

python -m pip install --user pipx

Conclusion

pipx is a powerful tool for managing Python applications. It keeps your system clean and avoids conflicts. Start using it today for your Python tools.

Remember to use pipx for applications and pip for libraries. This simple rule will save you many headaches.