Fix Error: Cannot find module 'dotenv'

If you see the error Error: Cannot find module 'dotenv', don't worry. This guide will help you fix it quickly.

What Causes the Error?

The error occurs when Node.js cannot locate the dotenv module. This usually happens if the module is not installed.

It may also appear if the module is installed in the wrong directory or if there are permission issues.

How to Fix the Error

Follow these steps to resolve the issue.

1. Install dotenv

First, ensure the dotenv module is installed. Run this command in your terminal:

npm install dotenv

If you're using Yarn, run:

yarn add dotenv

2. Check node_modules

Verify that dotenv is in your node_modules folder. If not, reinstall it.

Delete node_modules and package-lock.json, then run npm install again.

3. Verify require Statement

Ensure you are requiring dotenv correctly in your code:

require('dotenv').config(); // Correct usage

A typo in the module name will cause the error.

4. Check File Permissions

If you still face issues, check file permissions. Ensure your project has read/write access.

Example Code

Here’s a simple example using dotenv:

// Load environment variables
require('dotenv').config();

// Access a variable
console.log(process.env.DB_HOST);

If configured correctly, this will log your database host from the .env file.

Common Mistakes

Some common mistakes include:

• Misspelling dotenv in the require statement.
• Not having a .env file in the project root.
• Forgetting to call .config() after requiring dotenv.

Alternative Solutions

If the issue persists, try these:

• Reinstall Node.js and npm.
• Clear npm cache using npm cache clean --force.
• Check for similar errors like Cannot find module 'axios' or Cannot find module 'express'.

Conclusion

The Cannot find module 'dotenv' error is easy to fix. Install the module, check your code, and verify permissions.

For more help, see our guide on Node.js module errors.